易纲：考虑到通胀水平，可以看出实际商品价格水平是相当低的

ance rating， providing the right incentives．

These incentives have helped accelerate green financing． As of March 2022， outstanding green loans in China exceeded 18 trillion yuan， posting a rapid increase． Outstanding green bonds reached about 1.3 trillion yuan， one of the largest in the world．

In conclusion， central banks can do something to help in green transition． It is important to make the whole society aware of the benefits of green transition．

易纲：商业商业银行可以在黄色迈进之中发挥不可或缺性和努力抑制作用，举动国际上社会管理制度已有一致。

就宏观经济而言，商业商业银行首要和最不可或缺性的职责是确保价格适度。话虽如此，一些商业商业银行仍有政策空间，通过系统性宏观经济增进黄色迈进。

为增进黄色迈进，交通商业银行在此之后做了很多实习。交通商业银行于2018年将优质黄色普通股和款项划入之中期借贷便利的合格纳税范围，并在月内面世了碳减排全力支持机器和全力支持煤炭清洁高效来进行专项再在此之后款项两个重新宏观经济机器，利息仅为1.75%，全力支持都可的金融消费市场部门为具有相当大碳减排效应的这两项给予低成本融资。

截至月底份5月底末，交通商业银行通过两个机器向相关金融消费市场部门总计给与经费2100多亿元，蓬勃转变减少排放使用量；也6000万吨二氧化碳硝基甲苯，共约占之中国人年排放使用量使用量的0.6%。

此外，月内5月底，交通商业银行修订报送《银服务业金融消费市场部门黄色金融消费市场称赞可行性》，将金融消费市场部门给与黄色款项和黄色普通股经营范围划入商业商业银行金融消费市场部门评级，以鼓励金融消费市场部门为黄色迈进给予全力支持。

上述功能有助于黄色融资激增。截至2022年3月底，之中国人黄色款项限额已至少18万亿元，激增不断。之中国人境内黄色普通股限额共约1.3万亿元，在全球性位居前列。

总之，商业商业银行可以在黄色迈进之中发挥抑制作用，进一步提高社会公众管理制度对黄色迈进诱因的相识至关不可或缺性。

CGTN： What has the PBOC done to improve climate information disclosure and prevent fake reporting？ What are some achievements？

美联社：交通商业银行在充实黄色个人信息援引、防止黑幕等多方面在此之后做了哪些实习？取得了哪些收效？

Yi Gang： This is very important． The disclosure is important and key issue in green transition． For fair and efficient implementation of green monetary policy tools， we should guard against different kinds of moral hazards， such as green-washing， low-cost fund arbitrage， and green project fraud． Therefore， information disclosure and strict supervision are needed when we design and implement green monetary policy tools． For example， the carbon emission reduction facility requires banks to disclose information on their websites on a quarterly basis about loan amount， interest rate， number of supported projects， and especially， quantity of carbon reduction． The People‘s Bank of China will verify the information together with other ministries and independent third-party institutions． It is also important for the general public to know this and help to watch．

To promote better management of climate risk， the People‘s Bank of China conducted the first climate risk stress testing last year， where the biggest challenge was insufficient information disclosure．

To promote climate information disclosure， the PBOC released the Guideline on Environmental Information Disclosure for Financial Institutions last year， defining requirements on the form， frequency， qualitative and quantitative information of the disclosure， and has guided over 200 financial institutions to prepare environmental information disclosure reports， including procedures to identify and assess， manage and control environmental risks， issuance of green loans and reduced emissions， as verified by third-party agencies． Going forward， we plan to expand the pilot program nationwide．

易纲：个人信息援引十分不可或缺性，是增进黄色迈进的不可或缺。为公正高效地试行黄色宏观经济机器，在实践之中需注意防范“洗绿”、低成本经费套利、黄色这两项黑幕等各类道德不确定性问题，因此，在设计和试行全力支持黄色迈进的宏观经济机器的全过程之中，仅要在此之后做到个人信息公开透明、监管严格顺利完成。例如，碳减排全力支持机器承诺金融消费市场部门按季度公开援引其给与的碳减排款项金额、利息、全力支持这两项数，以及款项蓬勃转变的碳减排使用量等个人信息，交通商业银行将报请其他部门和独立的第三方专业知识部门对援引个人信息进行时查实，社会管理制度公众知悉并举动进行时监督也十分不可或缺性。

为推行管理热带气候不确定性，交通商业银行月内积极参与了首次热带气候不确定性压力测试，从测试持续性看，排放使用量个人信息援引不更进一步仍是面临的最主要过关斩将。

为增进热带气候个人信息援引，交通商业银行月内公开发表了《金融消费市场部门生态环境个人信息援引最新》，对金融消费市场部门生态环境个人信息援引的形式、次之、应援引的定性及分析方法个人信息等多方面明确提出承诺，并已指导200余家金融消费市场部门试编制生态环境个人信息援引报告，以外生态环境不确定性的识别、指标、管理、控制流程，经第三方专业知识部门查实验证的给与碳减排款项的持续性及其蓬勃转变的碳减排数使用量等个人信息，将来将适时示范到全中国。

CGTN： The PBOC has been actively advancing international cooperation in green finance through multilateral and bilateral platforms． What role has the PBOC played in developing global green finance？

美联社：交通商业银行一直通过多边和经济关系的平台努力推行黄色金融消费市场国际上合作开发。在推行国际上黄色金融消费市场转变多方面，交通商业银行扮演了怎样的角色？

Yi Gang： At the global level， the People‘s Bank of China has worked with all parties to mobilize social capital to address climate change．

First， China co-chaired the G20 Sustainable Finance Working Group． Last year， the G20 resumed the Sustainable Finance Working Group， co-chaired by the People‘s Bank of China and the US Treasury． The working group has completed the G20 Sustainable Finance Roadmap as an important global guidance for mobilizing social capital to address climate change． This year， our priority is to develop the framework for transition finance， to guide social capital to support low-carbon transition of high-emission sectors．

Second， we have made progress in harmonizing taxonomies with our European counterparts． The People‘s Bank of China and the European Commission have been comparing green finance taxonomies since 2020． In November last year， we published the Common Ground Taxonomy， proposing 55 mutually recognized economic activities that could mitigate climate change． We have just upgraded the Common Ground Taxonomy on June 3rd this year， adding another 17 economic activities． The groundbreaking work could facilitate cross border green capital flows． To date， the China Construction Bank and the Industrial Bank have issued green bonds under Common Ground Taxonomy． Some emerging market economies also refer to this taxonomy．

Third， we have leveraged green finance to build a green “Belt and Road”． In 2019， the People‘s Bank of China offered guidance in launching the Green Investment Principles （GIP） for the Belt and Road， outlining seven principles for green investment． As of May 2022， the GIP membership have expanded to 41 signatories and 14 supporters．

The People‘s Bank of China is also working with the Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System （NGFS）， the FSB and the BCBS on various fronts， including regulatory standards for green finance．

Going forward， the PBOC will continue to strengthen international cooperation on green finance through multilateral and bilateral platforms to create an enabling environment for China to achieve the target of carbon peaking and neutrality．

易纲：在国际上应用，交通商业银行与各方第二道，努力随时随地消费市场经费全力支持荒漠化遏制。

一是联席牵头G20永续金融消费市场实习组。2021当年，G20恢复设立永续金融消费市场研究小组，交通商业银行和美国财政部任合组会长，牵头拟定完成了《G20永续金融消费市场站牌》，带入国际上各个方面随时随地消费市场经费全力支持遏制荒漠化的不可或缺性引导。月底份，我们的重点是推行拟定迈进金融消费市场框架，随时随地消费市场经费全力支持高排放服务业稳妥全局地意味着愿景迈进。

二是与欧方推进黄色金融消费市场分类标准趋同取得全面性成果。2020年起，交通商业银行与欧委会积极参与之东欧黄色分类标准比对，并于2021年11月底公开发表《共同完成分类目录》，明确提出了之东欧各自黄色金融消费市场分类标准共同完成认可、对减缓荒漠化有相当大成就的55项经济娱乐活动清单。月底份6月底3日，交通商业银行和欧委会公开发表了《共同完成分类目录》的更新版，增补了17项经济娱乐活动。之东欧率先推行两国之间黄色分类标准雅、相接，适度随时随地跨境黄色经费流向。迄今之中国人建设商业银行、兴业商业银行已再在此之后版了《共同完成分类目录》贴标黄色普通股，其余部分新兴消费市场各地区公开发表的黄色金融消费市场分类目录也概述了《共同完成分类目录》。

三是以黄色金融消费市场打造黄色“一带一路”。2019年交通商业银行指导发起了《“一带一路”黄色投资者应当》（GIP），GIP对黄色投资者明确提出七条应当。截至2022年5月底，GIP团员数使用量增大到41家签署部门以及14家全力支持部门。

此外，交通商业银行还同商业商业银行与监管部门黄色金融消费市场网络（NGFS）、金融消费市场适度理事会（FSB）、巴塞尔商业银行监管该委员会（BCBS）等积极参与多应用交流合作开发，推行充实黄色金融消费市场监管标准。

下一步，交通商业银行将在此之后通过多经济关系的平台推行黄色金融消费市场国际上合作开发，更好地服务我自身意味着碳达峰、碳之中和目标。

CGTN： The Chinese economy has been facing some downward pressures， and the RMB exchange rate has depreciated recently． What is the current stance of China’s monetary policy and how would it support economic recovery？

美联社：近期之中国人经济面临一定下行线压力，折合出现一定贬值。意味着宏观经济的取向如何？将在全力支持全中国经济复苏之中发挥怎样的抑制作用？

Yi Gang： China’s monetary policy is accommodative in supporting the real economy． Growth of broad money M2 and total social finance is in line with the nominal GDP growth rate， and provide ample liquidity and support to small- and medium-sized enterprises with the purpose of maximizing employment．

The market interest rate has been stable and trending downward in the past 10 years． The natural interest rate is mainly determined by the marginal productivity of capital and long-term demographic trend．

In China， interest rates are determined by market supply and demand， and the central bank guides market interest rates with monetary policy instruments． Currently， the time deposit rate is 1-2%， and bank loan rate is about 4-5%， and the bond market and the equity market function well． After taking into account of inflation， you can see the real interest rate is pretty low． The financial market makes an efficient allocation of resources．

We have a flexible and market-determined exchange rate system using a basket of currencies as reference． Compared to 20 years ago， RMB has appreciated against the USD by 25%， and appreciated against a basket of currencies by about 30% in nominal terms． The appreciation in real terms is even more．

Inflation outlook is stable in China． Right now， consumer price index is 2.1% and producer price index is about 6.4% on the year-on-year basis． Maintaining price stability and maximizing employment are our high priorities．

This year， we face some downward pressures of growth due to COVID-19 and external shocks， and the monetary policy will continue to be accommodative to support economic recovery in aggregate sense． At the same time， we also emphasize structural policies such as supporting small- and medium-sized enterprises and green transition．

易纲：之中国人的宏观经济一直是与全力支持也就是说经济转变一般说来的。广义国债M2和社会管理制度融资增幅与名义GDP增幅大体匹配，保持良好流向性合理充裕，全力支持之金融机构转变以意味着医疗保健最主要化目标。

即使如此十年来，之中国人的消费市场利息程度稳之中有降。其本质利息程度主要由资本边际产出率和人口长期转变趋势所决定。

之中国人利息构成功能是由消费市场供求决定的，之中央商业银行通过运用宏观经济机器随时随地消费市场利息。迄今定期存款利息共约1-2%，本金利息共约4-5%，同时普通股和股票消费市场尤为有效试运行。考虑到通货膨胀率程度，可以显出大体上利息程度是相当低的，金融消费市场消费市场以求有效装配资源。

现状废除的是灵巧的、以消费市场供求为了将，概述一盘子国债进行时调节的汇率管理制度。与20年前相比，折合对美元汇率缩水共约25%，对一盘子国债的名义汇率缩水共约30%，大体上汇率缩水波幅更高。

之中国人的通货膨胀率大生态环境尤为适度，CPI销售收入激增2.1%，PPI销售收入激增6.4%。保持良好物价适度和医疗保健最主要化是我们的实习重点。

月底份以来，倍受疫情和外部首当其冲等影响，之中国人经济面临一定下行线压力。宏观经济将在此之后从工业产值上发力以全力支持经济复苏。同时，我们也会务实用好全力支持之金融机构和黄色迈进等系统性宏观经济机器。

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